Pensacola News Journal

For:  Saturday, Dec. 15, 2001

By:   Daniel E. Mullins

        Extension Horticulture Agent

        Santa Rosa County

 

Pecan Planting Time

 

The pecan is well adapted to our area, making a beautiful large shade tree.  It also produces nuts for home use if the recommended varieties are planted. 

Questions concerning the establishment of pecan trees in the landscape are frequent, especially at this time of year.  Following are the most common ones.

Q. What varieties of pecan do you recommend?

A.  Only those that show some resistance to disease problems are recommended for planting by homeowners.  Select grafted trees of Desirable, Curtis, Elliott, Moreland and Stuart.

Q. When is the best time to plant?

A. Obtain and plant trees during the winter (December through February).

Q. What size trees should I purchase?

A. Three to 6 feet tall.  Larger trees are more difficult to transplant.

Q. How far apart should trees be spaced?

A. The distance between trees should be approximately 60 feet because mature trees are quite large.  Commercial producers sometimes use a closer spacing.

Q. What is the planting procedure?

A. One of the keys to survival of a pecan tree is not allowing the root system to dry out before, during or after transplanting.  Other important steps:

     n    The planting hole should be 18 to 24 inches wide and only as deep as the

root system.

     n            Spread the roots out so that they are not matted together, thus allowing for normal growth and development.


     n    The planting depth is critical.  Place at such a depth that the uppermost root is at, or near the soil surface.  Excessively deep planting of pecan trees can result in death.

     n            Gradually add soil and continue to carefully spread out roots as the filling procedure continues, until the hole is filled.  Water the soil to remove air pockets and firm the soil around the root system.

     n            Construct a water ring around the base of the tree that is approximately 3 feet across and 4 inches high.  Fill the ring with water after transplanting has been completed.  Regular watering will be required for a period of 6 months, or until the young tree is well established.

Q. Should I put peat moss or manure in the planting hole?

A. No, plant in your native soil. 

Q. Should I apply fertilizer when the trees are planted?

A. No, wait until May of the first year after planting.

Q. Should I mulch around the trees?

A. A 2 to 3 inch deep layer of coarse mulch would be beneficial.  In addition to conserving moisture, mulches help to reduce grass and weed competition.

Note: The branches of pecan are sometimes brittle, resulting in occasional falling branches.  Locate trees so that, at maturity, limbs do not extend over the roof or over parking areas.

Question of the Week: A freeze is expected soon, so should I cut back my Hibiscus plants now?

Answer:  No, don’t prune Hibiscus plants severely during the fall or early winter.  Though most species and cultivars usually freeze back to some degree, don’t make the assumption that they will be killed to the ground every year.  Pruning off most of the tops unnecessarily removes food reserves that plants store for use the following growing season.   

You might wish to do light pruning to shape them but wait until late February or just before spring growth before any major pruning is done.  By that time you will be able to determine how much branch tissue has been cold damaged and remove those parts.